Struma †a Ship Filled With Jewish Refugees

Struma - a Ship Filled With Jewish Refugees Afraid of becoming victims of the horrors being perpetrated by the Nazis in Eastern Europe, 769 Jews attempted to flee to Palestine on board the ship  Struma. Leaving from Romania on December 12, 1941, they were scheduled for a shortstop in Istanbul. However, with a failed engine and no immigration papers, the Struma  and its passengers  became stuck in port for ten weeks. When it was made clear that no country would let the Jewish refugees land, the Turkish government pushed the still-broken  Struma  out to sea on February 23, 1942. Within hours, the stranded ship was torpedoed- there was only one survivor. Boarding By December 1941, Europe was engulfed in World War II and the Holocaust was fully underway, with mobile killing squads (Einsatzgruppen) killing Jews en masse and huge gas chambers being planned at Auschwitz. Jews wanted out of Nazi-occupied Europe but there were few ways to escape. The  Struma  was promised a chance to get to Palestine. The  Struma  was an  old, dilapidated, 180-ton,  Greek cattle ship that  was extremely ill-equipped for this journey - it had only one bathroom for all 769 passengers and no kitchen. Still, it offered hope.   On December 12, 1941, the  Struma  left Constanta,  Romania under a Panamanian flag, with  Bulgarian captain G. T. Gorbatenko in charge.   Having  paid an exorbitant price for passage on the Struma, the passengers hoped that the ship could safely make it to its short, scheduled stop at Istanbul (ostensibly to pick up their Palestinian immigration certificates) and then on to Palestine. Waiting in Istanbul The trip to Istanbul was difficult because the Strumas  engine kept breaking down, but they did reach Istanbul safely in three days. Here, the Turks would not allow the passengers to land. Instead, the Struma was anchored offshore in a quarantine section of the port. While attempts were made to repair the engine, the passengers were forced to stay on board - week after week. It was in Istanbul that the passengers discovered their most serious problem thus far on this trip - there were no immigration certificates awaiting them. It had all been part of a hoax to jack-up the price of the passage. These refugees were attempting (though they had not known it earlier) an illegal entry into Palestine. The British, who were in control of Palestine, had heard of the Strumas voyage and had thus requested the Turkish government prevent the Struma from passing through the Straits. The Turks were adamant that they did not want this group of people on their land. An effort was made to return the ship to Romania, but the Romanian government would not allow it. While the countries debated, the passengers were living a miserable existence on board. On Board Though traveling on the dilapidated Struma  had perhaps seemed endurable for a few days, living on board for weeks upon weeks began to cause serious physical and mental health problems. There was no fresh water on board and the provisions had quickly been used up. The ship was so small that not all the passengers could stand above deck at once; thus, the passengers were forced to take turns on the deck in order to get a respite from the stifling hold.* The Arguments The British did not want to allow the refugees into Palestine because they were afraid that many more shiploads of refugees would follow. Also, some British government officials used the often cited excuse against refugees and emigrants- that there could be an enemy spy among the refugees. The Turks were adamant that no refugees were to land in Turkey. The Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) had even offered to create an on a land camp for the Struma refugees fully funded by the JDC, but the Turks would not agree. Because the Struma was not allowed into Palestine, not allowed to stay in Turkey, and not allowed to return to Romania, the boat and its passengers remained anchored and isolated for ten weeks. Though many were sick, just one woman was allowed to disembark and that was because she was in the advanced stages of pregnancy. The Turkish government then announced that if a decision was not made by February 16, 1942, they would send the Struma back into the Black Sea. Save the Children? For weeks, the British had adamantly denied the entry of all the refugees aboard the  Struma, even the children. But as the Turks deadline neared, the British government acquiesced to allow some of the children to enter Palestine. The British announced that children between the ages of 11 and 16 on the  Struma  would be allowed to immigrate. But there were problems with this. The plan was that the children would disembark, then travel through Turkey to reach Palestine. Unfortunately, the Turks remained stringent on their rule of allowing no refugees onto their land. The Turks would not approve this over-land route. In addition to the Turks refusal to let the children land, Alec Walter George Randall, Counsellor in the British Foreign Office, aptly summarized an additional problem: Even if we get the Turks to agree I should imagine that the process of selecting the children and taking them from their parents off the   Struma  would be an extremely distressing one. Who do you propose should undertake it, and has the possibility of the adults refusing to let the children go been considered?** In the end, no children were let off the  Struma. Set Adrift The Turks had set a deadline for February 16. By this date, there was still no decision. The Turks then waited a few more days. But on the night of February 23, 1942, Turkish police boarded the  Struma  and informed its passengers that they were to be removed from Turkish waters. The passengers begged and pleaded - even put up some resistance - but to no avail. The  Struma  and its passengers were towed approximately six miles (ten kilometers) from the coast and left there. The boat still had no working engine (all attempts to repair it had failed). The  Struma  also had no fresh water, food, or fuel. Torpedoed After just a couple of hours drifting, the Struma  exploded. Most believe that a Soviet torpedo hit and sank the  Struma. The Turks did not send out rescue boats until the next morning - they only picked up one survivor (David Stoliar). All 768 of the other passengers perished. * Bernard Wasserstein, Britain and the Jews of Europe, 1939-1945 (London: Clarendon Press, 1979) 144.** Alec Walter George Randall as quoted in Wasserstein, Britain 151. Bibliography Ofer, Dalia. Struma.  Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. Ed. Israel Gutman. New York: Macmillan Library Reference USA, 1990. Wasserstein, Bernard.  Britain and the Jews of Europe, 1939-1945. London: Clarendon Press, 1979. Yahil, Leni.  The Holocaust: The Fate of European Jewry. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

Free High School Science Fair Projects

Free High School Science Fair Projects It can be a challenge to come up with a science fair project idea. There is fierce competition to come up with the coolest idea, plus you need a topic that is considered appropriate for your educational level. Key Takeaways: High School Science Fair Project Ideas For a high school project, students typically select their own project idea, conduct the experiment, and report the results without much parent or teacher aid.Most high school projects are based on the scientific method. Its common to propose and test a hypothesis.Projects with real-world applications are particularly welcome. High school students can identify and solve problems in their own communities. Problems may include topics such as resource availability, resource cost or efficiency, waste management, or data collection. These science fair project ideas are arranged by topic, but you might like to take a look at ideas according to education level, too. Lead test kits are available at home supply stores. Are common products truly lead-free? Items to test might include toys, jewelry, craft supplies, or cosmetics.Carbon monoxide detectors are also readily available. Test student homes for carbon monoxide (most often produced when homes are being heated) and propose ways to reduce levels. Another option is to test different parts of the school!Identify common household products that pose a risk to the environment.Which type of light bulb is the best in terms of cost? Which is the most friendly to the environment?Are night insects attracted to lamps because of heat or light?Can you identify any natural mosquito repellents?Does magnetism affect the growth of plants?Does storage temperature affect the pH of juice?Does the presence of cigarette smoke affect the growth rate of plants?Does eating breakfast have an effect on school performance? Does it matter what you eat?Do the same types of mold grow on all types of bread?Does light affect the rate at which foods spoil? Do foods containing preservatives stay fresh longer than foods without them?How does time or season of harvest affect the chemistry and nutritional content of food?How long do home hair coloring products hold their color? Does brand matter? Does type of hair affect colorfastness? How does previous treatment (perming, previous coloring, straightening) affect initial color intensity and colorfastness?Do all dishwashing detergents produce the same amount of bubbles? Clean the same number of dishes?Is the nutritional content of different brands of a vegetable (e.g., canned peas) the same?How permanent are permanent markers?Do plant-based insect repellents work as well as synthesized chemical repellents?What are some natural ways to color food?Is laundry detergent as effective if you use less than the recommended amount? More?Is bottled water more pure than tap water?What type of invisible ink is the most invisible?How does the pH of juice change with time?Do all hairsprays hold equally w ell? Equally long? Does type of hair affect the results? How does the rate of evaporation of the crystal-growing medium affect the final size of the crystals?You will usually heat water or another liquid to dissolve a solid to grow your crystals. Does the rate at which this liquid is cooled affect the way the crystals grow?What effect do additives have on the crystals?How do different fertilizers affect the way plants grow?What chemical is best at melting ice from a walkway or road?Does using colored mulch have an effect on a plant?How do different factors affect seed germination? Factors that you could test include the intensity, duration, or type of light, the temperature, the amount of water, the presence/absence of certain chemicals, or the presence/absence of soil. You can look at the percentage of seeds that germinate or the rate at which seeds germinate.How are plants affected by the distance between them?How heavy is the average backpack at school when a student brings it in?How do various chemical treatments affect seed germinatio n rates? What conditions affect the ripening of fruit?How much of your household waste can you turn into compost?What type of shoe sole get best traction? Is more slippery?How are different soils affected by erosion?Do people who exercise a lot eat the same number of calories as those who exercise less?

What’s New on LinkedIn †October 2015

What’s New on LinkedIn – October 2015 Exciting news! The print version of my book, How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile, has been uploaded to cyberspace (Ingram Spark for those in the know) and will be available any week now on Amazon. Plus, the 12th edition of the e-book of How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile is in the works! Thankfully for those who purchase either the print or the e-version of the book, it comes along with a link to get my free lifetime updates. LinkedIn is constantly changing, and the last several months have been no exception. Here are a few of the top changes I want you to be aware of. These will all be in the 12th edition of the e-book, and some of them made it into the print book too. Also note, I will be talking about some of these changes as well as tried and true LinkedIn strategies on Chicago’s WGN Radio with Rob Hart on Wednesday, October 28, 7:30pm Central! Tune in to WGN Radio 720 AM, WGNRadio.com or the WGN radio app. Here come the changes: 1. You can now send customized messages via mobile! Up until recently, I recommended never to connect with people via the LinkedIn mobile app because it did not support customized invitations. That advice is changing for those who have newer phones (both Android and iPhone). But be careful! The platform is not intuitive. And you must have the latest operating system installed. Since I have an iPhone now, I only have screen shots for you of how to do this on an iPhone. But you can do it with Androids too! NOTE: Never send an invitation from the People You May Know feature. These invitations can’t be customized. To send a customized invitation via iPhone 6, go to your contacts profile and click the †¦ button in the upper right (do NOT click on CONNECT!!): Then click Customize invite: And write your message. On Android devices with an updated operating system, after going to a member’s profile, tap either the Menu or More button, then Customize Invite, then write your message and Send! (If you mess up, you can always send another message with a customized invitation later.) 2. Groups There are multiple changes happening in LinkedIn groups, most of which people don’t like so much. As of September 22, 2015, LinkedIn says they have â€Å"simplified† group features and made the experience â€Å"easier.† You can view all these changes at LinkedIn’s New Groups Features help page. Some highlights: All LinkedIn groups are now private and can’t be seen by non-group members (and they are no longer searchable on Google). Conversations will automatically be posted without requiring manager approval (striking fear in the hearts of many group managers). The Promotions tab has been removed (good move- no one ever looked at it anyway)! There are no more subgroups (another good move) and you can now join up to 100 groups! You can mention people in Group conversation using the @ symbol (I believe this feature will encourage more interaction in conversations). Images can be posted to conversations. (Yay! We like pictures!) It’s also worth noting that LinkedIn fairly recently limited the number of one-to-one emails you can write to group members to 15 per month if you are not directly connected with the members. For one blogger’s opinion on the changes in LinkedIn Groups, see Donna Serdula’s article, Big Changes Coming. 3. Inbox Messaging You’ve probably noticed if you are even an infrequent user of LinkedIn that your inbox looks a lot different than it did three months ago! LinkedIn has created an Updated Messaging Features help page which will give you the details. Here’s some of what’s new: Mail is organized by conversation rather than by sent vs. received mail, so your entire conversation with someone will show up in the same place (Sent messages will have a blue background, left aligned, and received messages will have a gray background, right aligned). You can now manage your invitations from the People You May Know page. (I’m not sure of the value of this. Why move these from the messaging center?) Deleting a message really and truly deletes it. Forever. No archiving option (so be careful)! There is now a choice to Send messages by hitting the Enter key. Apparently due to this option, I’ve gotten up to five separate messages that were meant to be one single message! Hopefully the kinks in this feature will be worked out soon. 4. Introductions LinkedIn claims that you â€Å"can request to be introduced to someone from a mutual connections profile page. When you click Request an Intro, youll now be taken to a pre-populated messaging template that can be customized as needed.† This feature appears not to be working correctly. When I click on Request an Intro, I am taken to the most recent conversation in my inbox. Hopefully LinkedIn will correct this bug soon. 5. How you View Content Feeds You can now choose to organize the content feeds that come into your box either by Top Updates or Recent Updates. Go to your Home Page and click on the 3 dots below â€Å"Publish a post† to choose your preferred way of viewing current content. 6. Limit on Number of Searches Per Month Although LinkedIn hasn’t said HOW many searches each member can make per month, they have capped the number at something or another (I believe this happened in January but (slap on hand) I did not report it. Thankfully, another change is that you can now see the first and last name of everyone who appears in your search results list, rather than being blocked from seeing full information on certain members. Here’s what LinkedIn has to say about their new Commercial Use Limit on Search. Theoretically this system will do better at sussing out people who are overusing LinkedIn for commercial purposes, and making them pay for enhanced services, rather than penalizing the average user. Note I am not able to provide an image of the bar that says 30% of my searches are left, because I have not approached that limit. The waters are still safe for the average, or even the active, LinkedIn user! OK savvy LinkedIn users, have fun with all these changes. As soon as you get used to this bunch, there will be more. And if you have questions about any of these changes or others you are noticing, let me know and I’ll do my best to address them in future blogs and e-books! I do hope you’ll be able to tune in to my spot on WGN Radio this Wednesday at 7:30pm Central. I will also be speaking for the Yale Club of Chicago next Thursday, November 5 at 7:00pm Central, so if you live in Chicago please come see me LIVE! Here’s information on that event: How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile – with Brenda Bernstein Where:  Dentons US LLP, Downtown Chicago, 233 South Wacker Drive, Suite 5900 When:  Thursday, November 5th, 7-8:30PM RSVP: Click Here Whether you are an executive, a professional, a student or a business owner, LinkedIn plays a central role in your career path. Are you getting the value you want from your LinkedIn profile? Join us to learn the latest tips on LinkedIn in a workshop tailored specifically to you. Brenda Bernstein (’91), author of the bestselling book How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile, will teach you how to maximize your LinkedIn visibility and impact, while communicating your unique value to your audience. Register early and you might have the chance for Brenda to coach you on your LinkedIn profile during the session!

Why Asian American males are sexually overlooked (undersexed) in the Term Paper

Why Asian American males are sexually overlooked (undersexed) in the US - Term Paper Example Racially, black men on the average are considered to have the largest endowment, Asians the least and whites in between. Although this is probably true, the important thing from a sexual behavior point of view is the perception. Considering this, it should not be surprising that many women do not consider Asian males as likely prospects for sexual partnerships. Asian Birth Rates and its’ Consequences While sources indicate that Japan has a lower birth rate than China, both are very low with no signs of an imminent rebound.( East-West Center) Indeed, most of developed industrial Asia has decreasing birth rates. Even though war ravaged, Afghanistan has the highest birth rate in the region as it is the least developed. The more advanced countries such as Japan, South Korea, and China, after a period of rapid economic growth, are now slowing down. (Fogarty 2997) This means fewer employment opportunities for the young and well educated, including women. As in the West 2 incomes are required for a decent standard of living for young married couples, especially those with children. Also because Asian males are not inclined to share the burdens of domestic duties, women find it increasingly difficult to combine a fulfilling career with marriage and child rearing. Therefore, many have decided to chose one or the other, reducing the marriage rate and by extension the birth rate. If a woman decides to be a stay at home mom she would need to find a well heeled mate, difficult to do with income levels determined by age and experience. Although Japan has a very low marriage/birth rate it is slightly higher in rural than urban areas because extended families tend to live together and share the burden of child care. As well as decreasing birth rates, there is also a trend in Asia as there is in the West toward lower birth rates of males compared to females.( redOrbit 2008) Male births still outnumber female with the rates varying between 100 and 110 males for every 100 females. However, the gap is narrowing, possibly due to the effects of increased pollution. At first blush one would think that would give more opportunity for Asian males for permanent and casual relationships. The economic impediments of marriage and child rearing have been discussed above. In the case of casual sexual relationships it is difficult to find data but I think one can make reasonable assumptions based on demographic changes. With globalization and increased educational and career resulting from feminism, they are no longer dependent on marriage and support of local males. They are more able to pursue their own careers if they wish, chose not to marry and pursue sexual gratification with partners of other races who allegedly offer greater sexual prowess. Racial Humiliation as a Fetish The internet is flooded with sites catering to various fetishes including sexual, racial or both combined. A fetish is worship of an object/person because the worshipper attributes a pote ncy or magical power to the object/person worshipped which they don’t have, or alternatively feel guilty because they have an excess of it. An example of the latter would be a powerful senior executive voluntarily surrendering and humiliating himself to a voluptuous leather clad mistress. In recent times it could be an Asian feeling inferior because of his small penis, submitting himself to being degraded by say a white or black mistress, in the hope if he does so well enough, the mistress will eventually reward him with some kind of sexual relief. It is difficult to explain the psychological need for fetish worship, but it seems to relate to an attempt to correct some kind of imbalance in one’s life. One website I saw was blatantly racist with a woman portraying herself as an Aryan mistress

Analysis of Consumers Behavior Is an Important Strategy in Marketing Research Paper

Analysis of Consumers Behavior Is an Important Strategy in Marketing - Research Paper Example Major marketing activities entail advertisement and supply of goods and delivering services to the people. Consumer behaviors such as thoughts, feelings, environment, attitude and self-concept were among the challenges encountered when purchased a laptop from the Samsung Company recently. I realized that factors such as attitude, reference group, self-concept and satisfaction play a crucial role in decision-making process. Employees working in the marketing department of a business unit are tasked with creating a good relationship with the customers and selling the brand of the company. For a firm or a company to function well in the competitive market then issues such as thoughts of consumers, consumer environmental influence and consumer motivation should be put into context (Chartrand, 2009). Companies have to invest in gathering knowledge about the behavior of the consumer. The behavior of the consumer is based on how they dispose of, use and purchase of the products. Consumer’s use of the product is of interest to the organization. Studies on consumers’ behavior are relevant to society. Purchase of high-fat food by most people will affect the health of the people in the area. Marketing does not necessarily deal with sales and advertisement as many people think. It involves all the activities in the company aimed and extending and creating long term relationship with the consumers who are the main point of focus (Dijksterhuis et al, 2012). Some of the small tasks such as responding to a client’s call, organizing forums that invite customers to witness the progress of the company and informing the consumer of the new products in the market are important in stabling along term relationship with the client.  

Egyptian Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Egyptian Revolution - Essay Example As in the case of many other Islamic dictators in the Arab world, Gadhafi was also trying to extend his regime as much as possible citing religious reasons. He ruled with iron fist and had no hesitation in executing the opponents. â€Å"Many in Libya still remember how Gaddafi used to execute those who opposed him — or those he felt had opposed him — and would leave their bodies hanging from nooses for days as a warning† (Abdulrahim). In fact Gaddafi killed many innocent people even during Ramadan period. Gaddafi had less belief in Islamic principles even though he appeared as a strong believer. Even though Libya is blessed with immense oil resources, the living conditions of majority of the Libyans were pathetic. In fact Gadhafi was looting the wealth of Libya. It is believed that Gadhafi had huge bank deposits in overseas countries. In any case Gadhafi met with the ultimate destiny of many of the similar dictators in the past. This paper explains the impact of economic, political and cultural factors might have on the outcome of the Libyan revolution. It should be noted that Libya is blessed with immense amount of oil stock as in the case of Iraq. Iraq is already under the control of America and a control over Libya will definitely help America to solve their energy problems up to certain extents. That is why America supported and assisted Libyan revolution wholeheartedly. Although many people in Libya live in poverty and in poor conditions, Libya is not a poor country. Not only does it have vast oil reserves, it also produces the best quality oil in the world, perfect for refining petroleum that allows goods to be transported from one place to another all over the world. The resources can be used to provide the Libyan poor and workers with better pay, services, living and working conditions, when under Gadaffi, Libya’s wealth went towards the

Creative Innovation in an Organisation Coursework

Creative Innovation in an Organisation - Coursework Example As aptly put by Robbins (1993, p. 679), â€Å"in the dynamic world of global competition, the innovative organisation is more adaptive and more likely to thrive.† Against this background, this report seeks to evaluate the extent to which organisations that have fostered an innovative culture have revitalised their operations by paying particular attention to Sony Corporation. Thus, the relevant question is: How can an organisation become more innovative? As such, this report is divided into different categories that deal with different aspects of the concept of innovation and how they are being applied in the operations of Sony Corporation. The report starts by describing the organisation and what it does and this will be followed by a clear explanation of the mission and vision of the organisation and the importance of innovative management in their strategic plan. Then after this, the report is divided into four tasks which focus on different aspects of innovative management . The first task seeks to evaluate the current creative and innovative process used by Sony Corporation in comparison to other organisations. The second task focuses on ways that can be implemented to positively embrace innovation and change. The third task looks at factors that influence as well as drive the organisation to develop creative and innovative management process. The last task looks at the rationale of persuading others to effect change in an organisation. ... The last task looks at the rationale of persuading others to effect change in an organisation. 1.1 Description of the organisation Sony Corporation was founded in 1946 and it specialises in manufacturing home appliances like audio and video gadgets or entertainment such as motion pictures and musicas well as DVDs, LCD televisions, information and communications or electronics such as AV/IT products & components like printers and monitors according to its official website. The Sony Group also deals with game such a s PlayStation and Financial Services which include insurance and banking sectors. Sony Corporation is headquartered in Tokyo Japan. The company seeks to entrench its position through representing a wide range of business in electronics while retaining its uniqueness globally. According to information obtained from its official website, Sony's R&D mission is as follows: "Technology for Inspiration and Shared Experience." Until recently, the framework for consumer experience has been described as "Take/Capture, View, Store, Listen, Create." This motto encompassed the basic services and products offered by this organisation. The vision of the organisation is â€Å"to fully leverage on this uniqueness in aggressively carrying out our convergence strategy so that we can continue to emotionally touch and excite our customers.† The company is specifically concerned with establishing itself a force to reckon with in the electronics industry globally. However, information obtained fro m its official website posits to the effect that different forms of enjoyment are also emerging.